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What is Data Migration?
Data Migration refers to the process of moving data from one system, storage environment, platform, or format to another while maintaining data integrity, quality, and security.
Definition
Data Migration is the controlled process of transferring data between systems (such as databases, applications, cloud services, or storage platforms) ensuring that information remains accurate, complete, and usable in its new environment.
Key Takeaways
- Essential during system upgrades, cloud adoption, mergers, and modernization.
- Requires careful planning to prevent data loss, corruption, or downtime.
- Includes extraction, transformation, validation, and loading (ETL).
- Often paired with data cleansing and quality checks.
Understanding Data Migration
Organizations perform data migrations for many reasons, including moving to cloud platforms, consolidating systems, upgrading legacy databases, or integrating new applications. A successful migration requires:
- Detailed mapping of source → target systems.
- Identifying and resolving data inconsistencies.
- Running test migrations before full cutover.
- Ensuring regulatory and security compliance.
Data migrations often rely on ETL/ELT pipelines, automated tools, or data integration platforms such as Informatica, Talend, Azure Data Factory, and AWS Glue.
Importance in Business or Economics
- Enables digital transformation and cloud modernization.
- Reduces dependence on outdated, expensive legacy systems.
- Improves performance, scalability, and security.
- Supports mergers, acquisitions, and system consolidation.
Types or Variations
- Storage Migration – Moving data to new hardware or cloud storage.
- Database Migration – Switching database engines or platforms.
- Application Migration – Moving data with an application to a new environment.
- Cloud Migration – Transferring data to public, private, or hybrid clouds.
Related Terms
- ETL / ELT
- Data Integration
- Cloud Migration
- Data Quality
Sources and Further Reading
- AWS Cloud Migration Guide
- Google Cloud Migration Framework
- Gartner: Data Integration and Migration Trends
Quick Reference
- Moves data between systems
- Requires mapping, validation, and testing
- Critical for modernization and cloud adoption
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Is data migration risky?
Yes, without proper controls, data loss or corruption can occur.
How long does a migration take?
Depends on data volume, complexity, and system differences.
Is migration the same as replication?
No, replication continuously copies data; migration is a one-time or periodic transfer.
